Archive for the ‘Intelligent Networks’ Category

Intelligent Network services

Thursday, August 19th, 2010 |
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1 FREE PHONE:

Any user in the telephone network can call the free phone subscriber free of charge. All the charges are levied on the service subscriber (one who subscribes for the service and receives the calls). For the calling users the calls are free. The service subscriber is allotted a free phone service no. (3 to 5 digits). For the same free phone no. the subs. can have many destination nos. depending on the day of the week or time of the day.

2 VIRTUAL PRIVATE NETWORK

The Virtual Private Network (VPN) service provides the VPN customer all the features of a private network by using the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) resources.

It allows the VPN customers (with significant long distance traffic between corporate sites) to configure and use switched carrier circuits as if they were dedicated private lines. A VPN customer can define his own private numbering plan and class of service restrictions across closed user groups. VPN service in this sense can be compared with a Centrex or a PBX.

The charges for a VPN call can be flexible. The charges can be levied to a common “Charge number”. In this way, a company’s traveling salesman can make STD calls while the charges are levied to the organization’s common charge number.

3 ACCOUNT CARD CALLING (ACC)

This service allows the virtual subscribers or users to make calls from any normal telephone to any desired destination nos. and have the cost of these calls accredited to the account specified by the ACC no. which does not refer either to the calling line or to the called line.

All ACC calls are preceded by the access code i.e. 160433. After dialling the access code the user is prompted to enter the Account card no. and then the authentication code. Once authentication is validated the user is prompted to dial his choice. Now the user can make calls provided there is some balance in the account.

4 VIRTUAL CARD CALLING (VCC)

The service allows a user to make calls from any telephone from any place in India where ever SSP connectivity is available & the access code is opened in the local exchange. The user invokes the service by dialling the access code and then the card number. After authentication by SSP, the user is allowed to dial any destination as per the type of the card. The call charges are debited to the users account and no charges are levied to the calling telephone no. The advantage in this service is that the user need not be a telephone subscriber and need not carry cash for making calls.

5 PREMIUM RATE

The premium service allows service subscribers to offer services like forecast, fortune, share market, &job consultation, etc. These service subscribers are allotted with a premium rate no. of 3 to 5 digits by the service provider. When the user makes calls to this PRM no. the complete cost of the call plus some extra cost( as decided by the service provider) is accredited to the account of the calling user.

6 TELEVOTING

This service allows the service subscriber to survey public opinion using telephone network. Persons wishing to respond to an opinion poll can call the advertised Televoting no. to register their votes. For this, the service provider can temporarily allocate a  televoting no. with the last two digits called the “choice digits” as variable. It is required to predetermine the choices and then make the call. Most of the calls shall be routed to Announcement which acknowledges the call. Facility also exists to route selected calls to a public number. After voting is ceased the service subscriber will be provided with the results.

This service can be of either Called charged or Calling charged. For a televoting call if the call charges are borne by the service subscriber then it is Televoting (Called charged) and the access code is 1603xxxx For a televoting call if the call charges are borne by the users themselves the it is Televoting (Calling charged) and the access code is 1902xxxx.

7 UNIVERSAL ACCESS NUMBER

This service enables a subscriber to publish a national no. and have the incoming call routed to different destinations based on various criteria such as the geographical location of the caller, the time, day, or date on which the call is made. This is a  unique no. which is allotted to the service subscriber on subscription to the UAN service. This is the no. that shall be dialled by the users to contact the service subscriber. There are two types of UAN, UAN (Local) & UAN(National).

8 CHANGE IN NUMBER (CIN)

CIN service provides a substitute to the specialized change number enquiry systems presently used by the telecom administrations. This service is specially useful for network operator who have to advertise the new numbers whenever there is a large scale change in the directory numbers due to exchange code modification.

This service is more useful than the conventional one. If the new number of the called party is not known to the calling party, he dials a special code, e.g.1606 followed by the old number. His call will be routed automatically to the new number which is not done in conventional implementation. At present this CIN is not implemented.

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Intelligent Networks-IN tutorial

Wednesday, August 18th, 2010 |
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This IN tutorial covers all aspects of an IN (Intelligent Networks).

EVOLUTION OF IN

In PSTN, the feature handling functionality is residing in the individual switches, which necessitates changes in all the switches for introduction of a new feature in the network. This is time consuming and prone to risk of malfunctioning because of the proprietary features of the individual switches. To overcome this constraint, the Intelligent Networks platform is evolved both as a network and a service architecture.

In this IN architecture, the service logic and the service control functions are taken out of the individual switches and centralized in a special purpose computer. The interface between the switches and the central computer are standardised. The switches utilize the services of the specialized computer whenever a call involving a service feature is to be handled. The call is switched according to the advice received by the requesting switch from the computer.

The Intelligent Networks consist of the following nodes.

1.  Specialized computer system- for holding service logic, feature control, service creation, customer data, and service management.

2. Switching nodes for basic call handling.

3.Specialized resources node.

The service logic is concentrated in a central node called the Service Control Point (SCP).

The switch with basic call handling capability and modified call processing model for querying the SCP is referred to as the Service Switching Point (SSP).

The Intelligent peripheral (IP) containing specialized resources is implemented in the SSP itself.

The management functions of service logic, customs data, traffic & billing data are implemented in the Service Management Point (SMP). The concept of SMP is to prevent SCP mal functioning due to customer data modification. These are first validated at the SMP and then updated at the SCP during lean traffic hours. The user interface to the SCP is via SMP.

Now lets discuss the physical connectivity details of these nodes in more detail. Consider the following diagram for the following discussion.

1.  SERVICE SWITCHING POINT (SSP)

The SSP serves as an access point for IN services. All IN service calls must first be routed through the PSTN to the nearest SSP. The SSP identifies the IN call as an IN service call by the initial digits (service keys) dialed by the calling subscriber and launches a TCAP query to the  SCP after suspending further call processing. When a TCAP response is obtained from the SCP containing advice for further call processing, SSP resumes call processing.

The interface between the SCP and the SSP is G.703 digital trunk. The MTP, SCCP, TCAP and INAP protocols of the CCS#7 protocol stack are defined at this interface.

2.  SERVICE CONTROL POINT (SCP)

The SCP is a fault-tolerant online computer system. It communicates with the SSP’s and the IP for providing guidelines on handling IN service calls. The physical interface to the SSP’s is G.703 digital trunk. It communicates with the IP via the requesting SSP for connecting specialized resources.SCP stores large amount of data concerning the network, service logic & the IN customers. For this secondary storage and I/O devices are required.

3.  SERVICE MANAGEMENT POINT (SMP)

The SMP, which is a computer system, is the front-end to the SCP and provides the user interface. It is sometimes referred to as the Service Management System (SMS). It updates the SCP with new data and programs (service logic) and collects statistics from it. The SMS also enables the service subscriber to control his own service parameters via a remote terminal connected through dial-up connection or X-25 PSPDN. This modification is filtered or validated by the network operator before replicating it on the SCP. One SMS may be used to manage more than one SCP’s.

4.  INTELLIGENT PERIPHERAL (IP)

The IP provides enhanced services to all the SSP’s in an IN under the control of the SCP. It is centralized since it is more economical for several users to share the specialized resources available in the IP which may be too expansive to put in all the SSP’s. The following are examples of resources that may be provided by an IP:

  • Voice response system
  • Announcements
  • Voice mail boxes
  • Speech recognition system
  • Text-to-speech converters

The IP is switch based or is a specialized computer. It interfaces to the SSP’s via ISDN primary rate interface or G.703 interface at which ISUP,INAP,TCAP,SCCP and MTP protocols of the CCS#7 protocol stack are defined.

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